@article{PAR00013610,
  title = {{D}emonstration of the coexistence of duplicated {LH} receptors in teleosts, and their origin in ancestral actinopterygians},
  author = {{M}augars, {G}. and {D}ufour, {S}ylvie},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{P}ituitary gonadotropins, {FSH} and {LH}, control gonad activity in vertebrates, via binding to their respective receptors, {FSHR} and {LHR}, members of {GPCR} superfamily. {U}ntil recently, it was accepted that gnathostomes possess a single {FSHR} and a single {LHR}, encoded by fshr and lhcgr genes. {W}e reinvestigated this question, focusing on vertebrate species of key-phylogenetical positions. {G}enome analyses supported the presence of a single fshr and a single lhcgr in chondrichthyans, and in sarcopterygians including mammals, birds, amphibians and coelacanth. {I}n contrast, we identified a single fshr but two lhgcr in basal teleosts, the eels. {W}e further showed the coexistence of duplicated lhgcr in other actinopterygians, including a non-teleost, the gar, and other teleosts, e.g. {M}exican tetra, platyfish, or tilapia. {P}hylogeny and synteny analyses supported the existence in actinopterygians of two lhgcr paralogs (lhgcr1/lhgcr2), which do not result from the teleost-specific whole-genome duplication (3{R}), but likely from a local gene duplication that occurred early in the actinopterygian lineage. {D}ue to gene losses, there was no impact of 3{R} on the number of gonadotropin receptors in extant teleosts. {A}dditional gene losses during teleost radiation, led to a single lhgcr (lhgcr1 or lhgcr2) in some species, e.g. medaka and zebrafish. {S}equence comparison highlighted divergences in the extracellular and intracellular domains of the duplicated lhgcr, suggesting differential properties such as ligand binding and activation mechanisms. {C}omparison of tissue distribution in the {E}uropean eel, revealed that fshr and both lhgcr transcripts are expressed in the ovary and testis, but are differentially expressed in non-gonadal tissues such as brain or eye. {D}ifferences in structure-activity relationships and tissue expression may have contributed as selective drives in the conservation of the duplicated lhgcr. {T}his study revises the evolutionary scenario and nomenclature of gonadotropin receptors, and opens new research avenues on the roles of duplicated {LHR} in actinopterygians.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {e0135184},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0135184},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00013610},
}