@article{PAR00013362,
  title = {{R}ecent advances in the study of {Q} fever epidemiology, diagnosis and management},
  author = {{M}illion, {M}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{Q} fever is a worldwide zoonotic infection with an epidemiological pattern consisting of sporadic cases, endemic situations and outbreaks of unsuspected magnitude, as occurred in {H}olland. {T}his event highlighted the fact that the term "chronic {Q} fever" is misleading and should be avoided. {H}ere, we review recent advances in the understanding and management of this disease. {T}here have been clonal outbreaks of confirmed "geotypes," such as the outbreaks in {F}rench {G}uiana, where a very high incidence was restricted to one city, with a specific clinical expression, an unusual serological response and a putative common reservoir. {T}he advent of positron emission tomography has improved the diagnosis of endocarditis, vascular and osteoarticular infections. {M}olecular tests, including fluorescent in situ hybridization, may be included in the diagnostic strategy using the new criteria for endocarditis, vascular and osteoarticular infections. {Q} fever during pregnancy is challenging because pregnant women are less symptomatic, but infection is associated with a poor fetal outcome, including malformations that are preventable by antibiotics. {M}ale patients over 40 years old with a valvulopathy are at the highest risk for progression to endocarditis. {A}ntibiotic prophylaxis prevents endocarditis in 100% of at-risk patients. {F}inally, {I}g{G} anticardiolipin antibodies, part of the auto-immune response during acute {Q} fever, were recently added to the risk factors for endocarditis, due to their ability to promote acute valvular lesions and endocarditis.},
  keywords = {{Q} fever ; {C}oxiella burnetii ; {GUYANE} {FRANCAISE} ; {PAYS} {BAS} ; {IRAQ} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {I}nfection},
  volume = {71},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {{S}2--{S}9},
  ISSN = {0163-4453},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jinf.2015.04.024},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00013362},
}