@article{PAR00013202,
  title = {{D}uplicated leptin receptors in two species of eel bring new insights into the evolution of the leptin system in vertebrates},
  author = {{M}orini, {M}. and {P}asquier, {J}. and {D}irks, {R}. and van den {T}hillart, {G}. and {T}omkiewicz, {J}. and {R}ousseau, {K}. and {D}ufour, {S}ylvie and {L}afont, {A}. {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}ince its discovery in mammals as a key-hormone in reproduction and metabolism, leptin has been identified in an increasing number of tetrapods and teleosts. {T}etrapods possess only one leptin gene, while most teleosts possess two leptin genes, as a result of the teleost third whole genome duplication event (3{R}). {L}eptin acts through a specific receptor ({LEPR}). {I}n the {E}uropean and {J}apanese eels, we identified two leptin genes, and for the first time in vertebrates, two {LEPR} genes. {S}ynteny analyses indicated that eel {LEPR}a and {LEPR}b result from teleost 3{R}. {LEPR}b seems to have been lost in the teleost lineage shortly after the elopomorph divergence. {Q}uantitative {PCR}s revealed a wide distribution of leptins and {LEPR}s in the {E}uropean eel, including tissues involved in metabolism and reproduction. {N}oticeably, leptin1 was expressed in fat tissue, while leptin2 in the liver, reflecting subfunctionalization. {F}our-month fasting had no impact on the expression of leptins and {LEPR}s in control {E}uropean eels. {T}his might be related to the remarkable adaptation of silver eel metabolism to long-term fasting throughout the reproductive oceanic migration. {I}n contrast, sexual maturation induced differential increases in the expression of leptins and {LEPR}s in the {BPG}-liver axis. {L}eptin2 was strikingly upregulated in the liver, the central organ of the reproductive metabolic challenge in teleosts. {LEPR}s were differentially regulated during sexual maturation, which may have contributed to the conservation of the duplicated {LEPR}s in this species. {T}his suggests an ancient and positive role of the leptin system in the vertebrate reproductive function. {T}his study brings new insights on the evolutionary history of the leptin system in vertebrates. {A}mong extant vertebrates, the eel represents a unique case of duplicated leptins and leptin receptors as a result of 3{R}.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {e0126008 [31 p.]},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0126008},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00013202},
}