@article{PAR00011802,
  title = {{T}he origin and distribution of human lice in the world},
  author = {{B}outellis, {A}. and {A}bi-{R}ached, {L}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}wo genera of lice parasitize humans: {P}thirus and {P}ediculus. {T}he latter is of significant public health importance and comprises two ecotypes: the body louse and the head louse. {T}hese ecotypes are morphologically and genetically notably similar; the body louse is responsible for three infectious diseases: {L}ouse-borne epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever. {M}itochondrial {DNA} studies have shown that there are three obviously divergent clades of head lice ({A}, {B} and {C}), and only one clade of body lice is shared with head lice (clade {A}). {E}ach clade has a unique geographic distribution. {L}ice have been parasitizing humans for millions of years and likely dispersed throughout the {W}orld with the human migrations out of {A}frica, so they can be good markers for studying human evolution. {H}ere, we present an overview of the origin of human lice and their role in vector pathogenic bacteria that caused epidemics, and we review the association between lice clades and human migrations.},
  keywords = {{P}ediculus humanus ; {L}ouse borne disease ; {M}itochondrial genes ; {E}volution ; {M}igration ; {MONDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {23},
  numero = {},
  pages = {209--217},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2014.01.017},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00011802},
}