@article{PAR00011795,
  title = {{MALDI}-{TOF} identification of the human gut microbiome in people with and without diarrhea in {S}enegal},
  author = {{S}amb-{B}a, {B}. and {M}azenot, {C}. and {G}assama-{S}ow, {A}. and {D}ubourg, {G}. and {R}ichet, {H}. and {H}ugon, {P}. and {L}agier, {J}. {C}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier and {F}enollar, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {I}n {A}frica, there are several problems with the specific identification of bacteria. {R}ecently, {MALDI}-{TOF} mass spectrometry has become a powerful tool for the routine microbial identification in many clinical laboratories. {M}ethodology/{P}rincipal {F}indings: {T}his study was conducted using feces from 347 individuals (162 with diarrhea and 185 without diarrhea) sampled in health centers in {D}akar, {S}enegal. {F}eces were transported from {D}akar to {M}arseille, {F}rance, where they were cultured using different culture conditions. {T}he isolated colonies were identified using {MALDI}-{TOF}. {I}f a colony was unidentified, 16{S} r{RNA} sequencing was performed. {O}verall, 2,753 isolates were tested, allowing for the identification of 189 bacteria from 5 phyla, including 2 previously unknown species, 11 species not previously reported in the human gut, 10 species not previously reported in humans, and 3 fungi. 2,718 bacterial isolates (98.8%) out of 2,750 yielded an accurate identification using mass spectrometry, as did the 3 {C}andida albicans isolates. {T}hirty-two bacterial isolates not identified by {MALDI}-{TOF} (1.2%) were identified by sequencing, allowing for the identification of 2 new species. {T}he number of bacterial species per fecal sample was significantly higher among patients without diarrhea (8.6 +/- 3) than in those with diarrhea (7.3 +/- 3.4; {P} = 0.0003). {A} modification of the gut microbiota was observed between the two groups. {I}n individuals with diarrhea, major commensal bacterial species such as {E}. coli were significantly decreased (85% versus 64%), as were several {E}nterococcus spp. ({E}. faecium and {E}. casseliflavus) and anaerobes, such as {B}acteroides spp. ({B}. uniformis and {B}. vulgatus) and {C}lostridium spp. ({C}. bifermentans, {C}. orbiscindens, {C}. perfringens, and {C}. symbosium). {C}onversely, several {B}acillus spp. ({B}. licheniformis, {B}. mojavensis, and {B}. pumilus) were significantly more frequent among patients with diarrhea. {C}onclusions/{S}ignificance: {MALDI}-{TOF} is a potentially powerful tool for routine bacterial identification in {A}frica, allowing for a quick identification of bacterial species.},
  keywords = {{SENEGAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {e87419},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0087419},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00011795},
}