@article{PAR00011618,
  title = {{E}ffect of permethrin-impregnated underwear on body lice in sheltered homeless persons a randomized controlled trial},
  author = {{B}enkouiten, {S}. and {D}rali, {R}. and {B}adiaga, {S}. and {V}eracx, {A}. and {G}iorgi, {R}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier and {B}rouqui, {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{IMPORTANCE} {T}he control of body lice in homeless persons remains a challenge. {OBJECTIVE} {T}o determine whether the use of long-lasting insecticide-treated underwear provides effective long-term protection against body lice in homeless persons. {DESIGN}, {SETTING}, {AND} {PARTICIPANTS} {A} randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in {F}ebruary and {D}ecember 2011 in 2 homeless shelters ({M}adrague {V}ille and {F}orbin) in {M}arseille, {F}rance. {O}f the 125 homeless persons screened for eligibility, 73 body lice-infested homeless persons, 18 years or older, were enrolled. {INTERVENTIONS} {B}ody lice-infested homeless persons were randomly assigned to receive 0.4% permethrin-impregnated underwear or an identical-appearing placebo for 45 days, in a 1:1 ratio, with a permuted block size of 10. {V}isits were scheduled at days 14 and 45. {D}ata regarding the presence or absence of live body lice were collected. {MAIN} {OUTCOMES} {AND} {MEASURES} {T}he primary and secondary end points were the proportions of homeless persons free of body lice on days 14 and 45, respectively. {M}utations associated with permethrin resistance in the body lice were also identified. {RESULTS} {S}ignificantly more homeless persons receiving permethrin-impregnated underwear than homeless persons receiving the placebo were free of body lice on day 14 in the intent-to-treat population (28% vs 9%; {P} = .04), with a between-group difference of 18.4 percentage points (95% {CI}, 1.4-35.4), and in the per-protocol population (34% vs 11%; {P} = .03), with a between-group difference of 23.7 percentage points (95% {CI}, 3.6-43.7). {T}his difference was not sustained on day 45. {A}t baseline, the prevalence of the permethrin-resistant haplotype was 51% in the permethrin group and 44% in the placebo group. {O}n day 45, the permethrin-resistant haplotype was significantly more frequent in the permethrin group than in the placebo group (73% vs 45%, {P} < .001). {CONCLUSION} {AND} {RELEVANCE} {P}ermethrin-impregnated underwear is more efficient than placebo at eliminating body louse infestations by day 14; however, this difference was not sustained on day 45. {T}he use of permethrin may have increased the resistance to permethrin in body lice and thus must be avoided.},
  keywords = {{FRANCE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{JAMA} {D}ermatology},
  volume = {150},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {273--279},
  ISSN = {2168-6068},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.6398},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00011618},
}