@article{PAR00010931,
  title = {{L}actobacillus reuteri and {E}scherichia coli in the human gut microbiota may predict weight gain associated with vancomycin treatment},
  author = {{M}illion, {M}. and {T}huny, {F}. and {A}ngelakis, {E}. and {C}asalta, {J}. {P}. and {G}iorgi, {R}. and {H}abib, {G}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{BACKGROUND}: {A}ntibiotics, used for 60 years to promote weight gain in animals, have been linked to obesity in adults and in children when administered during early infancy. {L}actobacillus reuteri has been linked to obesity and weight gain in children affected with {K}washiorkor using ready-to-use therapeutic food. {I}n contrast, {E}scherichia coli has been linked with the absence of obesity. {B}oth of these bacteria are resistant to vancomycin. {OBJECTIVES} {AND} {METHODS}: {W}e assessed vancomycin-associated weight and gut microbiota changes, and tested whether bacterial species previously linked with body mass index ({BMI}) predict weight gain at 1 year. {A}ll endocarditis patients treated with vancomycin or amoxicillin in our center were included from {J}anuary 2008 to {D}ecember 2010. {B}acteroidetes, {F}irmicutes, {L}actobacillus and {M}ethanobrevibacter smithii were quantified using real-time {PCR} on samples obtained during the 4-6 weeks antibiotic regimen. {L}. reuteri, {L}. plantarum, {L}. rhamnosus, {B}ifidobacterium animalis and {E}. coli were quantified on stool samples obtained during the first week of antibiotics. {RESULTS}: {O}f the 193 patients included in the study, 102 were treated with vancomycin and 91 with amoxicillin. {V}ancomycin was associated with a 10% {BMI} increase (odds ratio ({OR}) 14.1; 95% confidence interval ({CI}; 1.03-194); {P} = 0.047) and acquired obesity (4/41 versus 0/56, {P} = 0.01). {I}n patients treated with vancomycin, {F}irmicutes, {B}acteroidetes and {L}actobacillus increased, whereas {M}. smithii decreased ({P} < 0.05). {T}he absence of {E}. coli was an independent predictor of weight gain ({OR} = 10.7; 95% {CI} (1.4-82.0); {P} = 0.02). {S}trikingly, a patient with an 18% {BMI} increase showed a dramatic increase of {L}. reuteri but no increase of {E}. coli. {CONCLUSION}: {T}he acquired obesity observed in patients treated with vancomycin may be related to a modulation of the gut microbiota rather than a direct antibiotic effect. {L}. reuteri, which is resistant to vancomycin and produces broad bacteriocins, may have an instrumental role in this effect.},
  keywords = {antibiotics ; obesity ; gut microbiota ; {L}actobacillus ; {E}scherichia coli},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}utrition and {D}iabetes},
  volume = {3},
  numero = {},
  pages = {},
  ISSN = {2044-4052},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1038/nutd.2013.28},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00010931},
}