@article{PAR00007497,
  title = {{I}nferring the demographic history of {A}frican farmers and pygmy hunter-gatherers using a multilocus resequencing data set},
  author = {{P}atin, {E}. and {L}aval, {G}. and {B}arreiro, {L}.{B}. and {S}alas, {A}. and {S}emino, {O}. and {S}antachiara-{B}enerecetti, {S}. and {K}idd, {K}.{K}. and {K}idd, {J}.{R}. and {V}an {D}er {V}een, {L}. and {H}ombert, {J}.{M}. and {G}essain, {A}. and {F}roment, {A}lain and {B}ahuchet, {S}. and {H}eyer, {E}. and {Q}uintana-{M}urci, {L}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he transition from hunting and gathering to farming involved a major cultural innovation that has spread rapidly over most of the globe in the last ten millennia. {I}n sub-{S}aharan {A}frica, hunter-gatherers have begun to shift toward an agriculture-based lifestyle over the last 5,000 years. {O}nly a few populations still base their mode of subsistence on hunting and gathering. {T}he {P}ygmies are considered to be the largest group of mobile hunter-gatherers of {A}frica. {T}hey dwell in equatorial rainforests and are characterized by their short mean stature. {H}owever, little is known about the chronology of the demographic events-size changes, population splits, and gene flow--ultimately giving rise to contemporary {P}ygmy ({W}estern and {E}astern) groups and neighboring agricultural populations. {W}e studied the branching history of {P}ygmy hunter-gatherers and agricultural populations from {A}frica and estimated separation times and gene flow between these populations. {W}e resequenced 24 independent noncoding regions across the genome, corresponding to a total of approximately 33 kb per individual, in 236 samples from seven {P}ygmy and five agricultural populations dispersed over the {A}frican continent. {W}e used simulation-based inference to identify the historical model best fitting our data. {T}he model identified included the early divergence of the ancestors of {P}ygmy hunter-gatherers and farming populations approximately 60,000 years ago, followed by a split of the {P}ygmies' ancestors into the {W}estern and {E}astern {P}ygmy groups approximately 20,000 years ago. {O}ur findings increase knowledge of the history of the peopling of the {A}frican continent in a region lacking archaeological data. {A}n appreciation of the demographic and adaptive history of {A}frican populations with different modes of subsistence should improve our understanding of the influence of human lifestyles on genome diversity.},
  keywords = {{AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {G}enetics},
  volume = {5},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {art. no e1000448 [13  en ligne]},
  year = {2009},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1000448},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00007497},
}