Phocaeicola abscessus gen. nov., sp nov., an anaerobic bacterium isolated from a human brain abscess sampleAl Masalma, M.Raoult, DidierRoux, V.A strictly anaerobic bacterial strain, 7401987(T), was isolated from a human brain abscess sample. Cells were Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, coccoid to rod-shaped and motile by flagella in a lophotrichous arrangement. The isolate was asaccharolytic and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C-15:0 (28.2%), C-16:0 (18.0%), iso-C-15:0 (12.3%) and iso-C-17:0 3-OH (11.7%). 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that the isolate was distantly related to members of the genera Bacteroides (<83.6% similarity), Parabacteraides (< 79.9 % similarity), Tannerella (<79.8% similarity), Dysgonomonas (<79.6% similarity), Porphyromonas (<79.3% similarity) and Prevotella (<78.9% similarity). The low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values and physiological and biochemical characteristics differentiated strain 7401987(T) from all known species and indicate that our isolate represents a novel species in a new genus within the phylum Bacteroidetes. The name Phocaeicola abscessus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of Phocaeicola abscessus is 7401987(T) (=CCUG 55929(T) =CSUR P22(T) =DSM 21584(T)).2009texthttp://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/PAR00004137oai:ird.fr:PAR00004137Al Masalma M., Raoult Didier, Roux V. Phocaeicola abscessus gen. nov., sp nov., an anaerobic bacterium isolated from a human brain abscess sample. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2009, 59 (Part 9), p. 2232-2237.