@article{PAR00002964,
  title = {{S}easonal and interannual variability of ocean color and composition of phytoplankton communities in the {N}orth {A}tlantic, {E}quatorial {P}acific and {S}outh {P}acific},
  author = {{D}andonneau, {Y}ves and {D}eschamps, {P}.{Y}. and {N}icolas, {J}.{M}. and {L}oisel, {H}. and {B}lanchot, {J}ean and {M}ontel, {Y}ves and {T}hieuleux, {F}. and {B}{\'e}cu, {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}onthly averaged level-3 {S}ea{W}i{FS} chlorophyll concentration data from 1998 to 2001 are globally analyzed using {F}ourier's analysis to determine the main patterns of temporal variability in all parts of the world ocean. {I}n most regions, seasonal variability dominates over interannual variability, and the timing of the yearly bloom can generally be explained by the local cycle of solar energy. {T}he studied period was influenced by the late consequences of the very strong {E}l {N}iño of 1997-98. {A}fter this major event, the recovery to normal conditions followed different patterns at different locations. {R}ight at the equator, chlorophyll concentration was abnormally high in 1998, and then decreased, while aside from the equator, it was low in 1998, and increased later when equatorial upwelled waters spread poleward. {T}his resulted in opposed linear trends with time in these two zones. {O}ther noticeable examples of interannual variability in the open ocean are blooms of {T}richodesmium that develop episodically in austral summer in the south-western tropical {P}acific, or abnormally high chlorophyll concentration at 5°{S} in the {I}ndian {O}cean after a strong {M}adden-{J}ulian oscillation. {F}ield data collected quarterly from {N}ovember 1999 to {A}ugust 2001, owing to surface sampling from a ship of opportunity, are presented to document the succession of phytoplankton populations that underlie the seasonal cycles of chlorophyll abundance. {I}ndeed, the composition of the phytoplankton conditions the efficiency of the biological carbon pump in the various oceanic provinces. {W}e focus on the north {A}tlantic, {C}aribbean {S}ea, {G}ulf of {P}anama, equatorial {P}acific, south {P}acific subtropical gyre, and south-western tropical {P}acific where these field data have been collected,. {T}hese data are quantitative inventories of pigments (measured by {HPLC} and spectrofluorometry), and picoplankton abundance ({P}rochlorococcus, {S}ynechococcus, {P}icoeucaryotes and bacteria). {T}here is a contrast between temperate waters where nanoplankton (as revealed by pigments indexes) dominate during all the year, and tropical waters where picoplankton dominate. {T}he larger microplankton, that make most of the world ocean export production to depth, rarely exceed 20% of the pigment biomass in the offshore waters sampled by these cruises. {M}ost of the time, there are large differences in the phytoplankton composition between cruises made at the same season on two different years.},
  keywords = {chlorophyll ; global ; satellite ; variability ; seasonal ; interannual},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{D}eep-{S}ea {R}esearch part {II}},
  volume = {51},
  numero = {1-3},
  pages = {303--318},
  year = {2004},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.07.018},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00002964},
}